Antes dos tempos conhecidos
Em 23 de outubro de 1946, a União Soviética retirou da Alemanha a 22000 cientistas que trabalharam nos projetos da V1 e V2, e os levou para seu território, para continuar o desenvolvimento de foguetes. Isto é o que aparece escrito no site "Encyclopaedia Astronautica", de Mark Wade. Confira o que aparece escrito lá a seguir:
1946 Oct 23 - Launch Vehicle: G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4, R-1, R-2, R-3, R-5.
Groettrup team transported to Soviet Union. Nation: USSR.
In overnight roundup, 20,000 Germans transported to USSR to transfer technology on aerospace and other technical fields.
Na realidade, o número é de 6 mil cientificos e 20 mil familiares, transportados em 92 trens, o que não deixa de ser um número considerável. Abaixo, sites que contam um pouco mais sobre este incidente, bem como trechos destacados, em inglês.
Rocketing Ahead
By 1946, with Germany having already demonstrated its rocket superiority, Stalin ordered the development of long-range ballistic missiles. A rehabilitated Korolev became the program's chief designer. Known for his charisma as well as his explosive temper, the hard-driving young scientist lost no time. He had 200 employees of a German rocket factory rounded up and shipped back to the Soviet Union. But although his official mandate was to build missiles, Korolev's secret goal was to create a Russian space program.
http://more.abcnews.go.com/sections/scitech/sputnik_how/
The USSR also captured a number of V-2s and staff, letting them set up in Germany for a time. In 1946 they were moved to the USSR where Groettrup headed up a group of just under 250 engineers. Starting with the V-2 they developed a number of new missile designs which would eventually lead to the SCUD missile. However none of his designs were directly put into production, instead local designers would use the better features in their own designs. The team was eventually repatriated in the 1950s after the local design teams had gained experience.
>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V2_rocket
Following World War II, the Soviets supervised renewed V-2 production at the Mittelwerk plant, which continued well into 1946. The Soviets also used V-2 rockets for initial post-war rocketry research. On October 22, 1946 all of the German scientists working for the Soviets were transported without warning by truck and train to Russia. A German Rocket Collective was soon established outside Moscow. There, the Germans went to work refining and improving the V-2 to create a similar, yet new, rocket. On March 15, 1947 a State Commission was formed to study the feasibility of producing long-range ballistic missiles. The State Commission recommended that the first logical step was an improved version of the V-2, which was already under development at the German Rocket Collective. The improved V-2 was first launched from Kapustin Yar on October 30, 1947 and achieved a range of 200 miles. The improved V-2 was followed by the Pobeda, a mobile ballistic missile with an impressive range of 500 miles. From that point on, German participation in the Soviet missile program declined rapidly. Most of the German scientists and workers were repatriated to Germany by the early 1950's. The last to be repatriated was lead scientist Helmut Grottrup, who returned to West Germany in November, 1953.
http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~js/space/lectures/lec07.html
Many German rocket technicians went or were taken to the Soviet Union. The most senior was Helmut Groettrup, who had been an aide to the director of electronics at Peenemunde. Two hundred other former Peenemunde technicians are reported to have been transferred. Among those were Waldemar Wolf, chief of ballistics for Krupp; engineer Peter Lertes; and Hans Hock, an Austrian specialist in computers. Most of these persons went in the October 22-23 round-up of ninety-two trainloads comprising 6,000 German specialists and 20,000 members of their families. Askania technicians, specialists in rocket-tracking devices, and electronics people from Lorenz, Siemens, and Telefunken were among the deportees, as were experts from the Walter Rakententriebwerke in Prague.
http://reformed-theology.org/html/books/best_enemy/chapter_06.htm
1946 Oct 23 - Launch Vehicle: G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4, R-1, R-2, R-3, R-5.
Groettrup team transported to Soviet Union. Nation: USSR.
In overnight roundup, 20,000 Germans transported to USSR to transfer technology on aerospace and other technical fields.
Na realidade, o número é de 6 mil cientificos e 20 mil familiares, transportados em 92 trens, o que não deixa de ser um número considerável. Abaixo, sites que contam um pouco mais sobre este incidente, bem como trechos destacados, em inglês.
Rocketing Ahead
By 1946, with Germany having already demonstrated its rocket superiority, Stalin ordered the development of long-range ballistic missiles. A rehabilitated Korolev became the program's chief designer. Known for his charisma as well as his explosive temper, the hard-driving young scientist lost no time. He had 200 employees of a German rocket factory rounded up and shipped back to the Soviet Union. But although his official mandate was to build missiles, Korolev's secret goal was to create a Russian space program.
http://more.abcnews.go.com/sections/scitech/sputnik_how/
The USSR also captured a number of V-2s and staff, letting them set up in Germany for a time. In 1946 they were moved to the USSR where Groettrup headed up a group of just under 250 engineers. Starting with the V-2 they developed a number of new missile designs which would eventually lead to the SCUD missile. However none of his designs were directly put into production, instead local designers would use the better features in their own designs. The team was eventually repatriated in the 1950s after the local design teams had gained experience.
>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V2_rocket
Following World War II, the Soviets supervised renewed V-2 production at the Mittelwerk plant, which continued well into 1946. The Soviets also used V-2 rockets for initial post-war rocketry research. On October 22, 1946 all of the German scientists working for the Soviets were transported without warning by truck and train to Russia. A German Rocket Collective was soon established outside Moscow. There, the Germans went to work refining and improving the V-2 to create a similar, yet new, rocket. On March 15, 1947 a State Commission was formed to study the feasibility of producing long-range ballistic missiles. The State Commission recommended that the first logical step was an improved version of the V-2, which was already under development at the German Rocket Collective. The improved V-2 was first launched from Kapustin Yar on October 30, 1947 and achieved a range of 200 miles. The improved V-2 was followed by the Pobeda, a mobile ballistic missile with an impressive range of 500 miles. From that point on, German participation in the Soviet missile program declined rapidly. Most of the German scientists and workers were repatriated to Germany by the early 1950's. The last to be repatriated was lead scientist Helmut Grottrup, who returned to West Germany in November, 1953.
http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~js/space/lectures/lec07.html
Many German rocket technicians went or were taken to the Soviet Union. The most senior was Helmut Groettrup, who had been an aide to the director of electronics at Peenemunde. Two hundred other former Peenemunde technicians are reported to have been transferred. Among those were Waldemar Wolf, chief of ballistics for Krupp; engineer Peter Lertes; and Hans Hock, an Austrian specialist in computers. Most of these persons went in the October 22-23 round-up of ninety-two trainloads comprising 6,000 German specialists and 20,000 members of their families. Askania technicians, specialists in rocket-tracking devices, and electronics people from Lorenz, Siemens, and Telefunken were among the deportees, as were experts from the Walter Rakententriebwerke in Prague.
http://reformed-theology.org/html/books/best_enemy/chapter_06.htm
